Hi Everyone!! This article will share Legacy of The MughalsQuestions & Answers.
In my previous posts, I have shared Questions & Answers of The Delhi Sultanate, The Revelation of Medieval India and The Era of Regional Kingdoms so, you can check these posts as well. I have also shared Legacy of The Mughals Objective Type Questions & Answers so, make sure to check this post also.
Legacy of The Mughals Questions & Answers
Question 1: What was the responsibility of the Wazir in Akbar’s administration set up?
Answer: The Wazir was the exchequer, sole in charge of revenues and finance.
Question 2: What was the name of new religion founded by Akbar?
Answer: The name of new religion founded by Akbar was Din-i-llahi or divine faith.
Question 3: Akbar propounded the policy of religious synthesis, Din-i-Ilahi, but the philosophy did not survive long. In todays’ age of globalisation and concept of ‘global village’, is the concept of Din relevant. Justify.
Answer: The concept is still very relevant as all people across the world need to be more tolerant and show respect towards other religions and cultures.
Question 4: How did Babur established the Mughal rule in India?
Answer: In 1524 CE, Daulat Khan Lodi, the Afghan governor of Punjab, invited Babur to India in order to dethrone Ibrahim Lodi, the Sultan of Delhi. By taking the advantage of the occasion, Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the first battle of Panipat (1526 CE) and brought the entire area upto Delhi and Agra under his control. Babur then strengthened his position in Northern India by defeating Rana Sanga, the ruler of Mewar in the Battle of Khanwa (1527 CE) and by capturing number of forts such as Gwalior, Dholpur. He took over the large parts of Alwar from Hasan Khan Mewati. He then captured Chanderi from Medini Rai of Chanderi in Malwa. Another important military achievement was in the Battle of Ghagra fought in 1529 CE. Babur inflicted a crushing defeat on the joint forces of Afghan and the Sultan of Bengal. All these military campaigns helped Babur to establish Mughal rule in India.
Legacy of The Mughals Questions & Answers
Question 5: Write information about Sher Shah’s reforms.
Or
Sher Shah devised a brilliant and a very well organized administrative system Highlight the reforms started by him. Discuss and write their relevancy in present times.
Answer: i. Sher Shah’s land revenue reforms served as the model for future agrarian system.
ii. He introduced a silver coin rupee or rupia. His currency or tariff reforms facilitated the growth of trade and commerce.
iii. He built the excellent chain of roads and connected the important places of his empire. The Grand Trunk Road was the longest road of all the major roads that he built. He built sarais along the roads for the travellers to take rest.
iv. His reforms alos included improvement of communication and maintenance of a strong and large army. He reorganized the police system to secure peace and order.
v. He contributed significantly in the field of architecture. He constructed a magnificent tomb for himself at Sasaram in Bihar, Purana Qila at delhi and Quila-i-Kunha masjid in the fort.
The reforms are still relevant in today’s times as we still are an agrarian economy. We do need efficient roads system for transportation. We also need an efficient police system to secure peace and order.
Question 6: Describe land revenue policy of Akbar.
Answer: The chief source of income to the Mughal empire was land revenue including the tax on the produce of the peasantry. Akbar’s revenue minister, Raja Todar Mal, devised the bandobast or zabti system. He carried out a careful survey for a ten year period focusing on crop yields, prices and areas cultivated. On the basis of gathered data, tax was fixed in cash on each crop. Provinces were divided into revenue circles. It had its own schedule of revenue rates for individual crops. The intermediaries who collected the land revenue were called zamindars.
Question 7: Write a brief about Mansabdari system.
Answer: Akbar introduced mansabdari which was a significant system of Mughal army. Akbar needed a strong standing army for his territorial expansion and to maintain his hold over it. The mansab denoted the position or rank of the holder. Mansab was a grading system that not only used to fix the rank and salary of the mansabdars but also fixed their military responsibilities. Every officer was assigned a rank. The ranks were divided into two categories, namely, zat and sawar. Zat meaning personal, which fixed the personal status and salary of mansabdar. The sawar indicated the specified number of cavalrymen which was to be maintained by the mansabdars.
Question 8: Between whom the battle of Haldighati was fought?
Answer: The battle of Haldighati was fought between Akbar and Rana Pratap.
Legacy of The Mughals Questions & Answers
Question 9: Give two names of the Rajput kings admitted into the Mughal administration by Akbar.
Answer: The two Rajput kings admitted into the Mughal administration by Akbar were Raja Todar Mal and Man Singh.
Question 10: Write a brief note about Nur Jahan.
Answer: Nur Jahan meaning (the Light of the World) was originally called Mehrunisa. According to some historians, Nur Jahan formed a group or ‘junta’ which exerted great influence on Jahangir. It caused two factions in the court; one being Nur Jahan, the ‘junta’ and the other its opponents. She considerably dominated the royal affairs. Coins were struck in her name. Nur Jahan’s political ambitions provoked Prince Khurram (later known as Shah Jahan), Jahangir’s son from his previous marriage to rebel during the last years of Jahangir’s rule, as Shah Jahan felt that Jahangir was completely under the unbounded influence of Nur Jahan.
Question 11: What was the permission the English obtained from Jahangir?
Answer: The English obtained permission from Jahangir to establish a factory at Surat.
Question 12: Discuss the chief departments of the Mughal administration along with its duties and responsibilities.
Answer: The chief departments were:
Diwan or Wazir – The Exchequer i.e the sole incharge of revenues and finance.
Mir Bakshi – The head of Military Department who looked after the military pay and account office, responsible for recruiting army, maintaining lists of mansabdars and other officials, supervised the branding of horses (called dagh) and muster-roll (called chehra) of the soldiers.
Khan-i-Saman – The Lord High steward who looked after the whole imperial household.
Chief Qazi – Looked after the Judiciary.
Chief Sadr or Sadr-us-Sudur – Looked after the charitable and religious endowments.
Muhtasib – Censors of Public Morals who looked after the enforcement of the Prophet’s commands and the laws of morality.
Question 13: Write in brief about Shah Jahan’s reign.
Answer: Shah Jahan’s reign was noteworthy for successes against the Deccan states. Ahmednagar had been seized, and Golconda and Bijapur forced to become vassals and acknowledged him as overlord. The Mughal rule was also temporarily extended in the Northwest when the Persian governor of Kandahar, Ali Mardan Khan surrendered the fortress to Mughals. However, the Mughals could not retain it long and soon Kandahar was lost. Further, the campaign to seize Balkh from Uzbegs proved unsuccessful. Shah Jahan shifted his capital from Agra to Delhi creating a new city of Shahjahanabad there. Under his reign, architecture flourished and witnessed tremendous growth. The Taj Mahal, at Agra was the crowning achievement.
Question 14: Write a detailed note on Ibadat Khana and its relationship with religion.
Answer: Ibadat Khana or the Hall of Prayer was built at Fathepur Sikri for discussions on religions and spiritual topics. Akbar invited scholars of various religions such as Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Jainism and even atheists and conducted religious debates in the Ibadat Khana. They discussed their religious beliefs and explained the principles and teachings of their respective religions to Akbar. The discussions held in Ibadat Khana convinced him that all religions had a number of good things; all religions lead to the same goal and he found a basic unity in different faiths. These discussions and debates resulted in the formation of a new religion, Din-i-Ilahi or divine faith.
So, these were Legacy of The Mughals Questions & Answers.